Task Force 12: legal aspects of the 36th Bethesda Conference recommendations.

1. Maron BJ. Sudden death in young athletes. N Engl J Med 2003;349: 1064–75. 2. Maron BJ, Poliac LC, Kaplan JA, Mueller FO. Blunt impact to the chest leading to sudden death from cardiac arrest during sports activities. N Engl J Med 1995;333:337–42. 3. Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NAM III, Link MS. Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis. JAMA 2002;287:1142–6. 4. Maron BJ, Mitten MJ, Greene BC. Criminal consequences of commotio cordis. Am J Cardiol 2002;89:210–3. 5. Link MS, Wang PJ, Pandian NG, et al. An experimental model of sudden death due to low-energy chest-wall impact (commotio cordis). N Engl J Med 1998;338:1805–11. 6. Link MS, Maron BJ, VanderBrink BA, et al. Impact directly over the cardiac silhouette is necessary to produce ventricular fibrillation in an experimental model of commotio cordis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:649–54. 7. Link MS, Maron BJ, Wang PJ, Pandian NG, VanderBrink BA, Estes NAM III. Reduced risk of sudden death from chest wall blows (commotio cordis) with safety baseballs. Pediatrics 2002;109:873–7. 8. Link MS, Maron BJ, Wang PJ. Upper and lower limits of vulnerability to sudden arrhythmic death with chest wall impact (commotio cordis). J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:99–104. 9. Link MS, Wang PJ, VanderBrink BA, et al. Selective activation of the K( )(ATP) channel is a mechanism by which sudden death is produced by low-energy chest-wall impact (commotio cordis). Circulation 1999;100:413–8. 10. Kyle SB. Youth Baseball Protective Equipment Project Final Report. United States Consumer Product Safety Commission. Washington, DC: 1996. 11. Weinstock J, Maron BJ, Song C, Mane PP, Estes NAM III, Link MS. Commercially available chest wall protectors fail to prevent ventricular fibrillation induced by chest wall impact (commotio cordis) (abstr). Heart Rhythm 2004;1:692. 12. Strasburger JF, Maron BJ. Images in clinical medicine: commotio cordis. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1248. 13. Link MS, Maron BJ, Stickney RE, et al. Automated external defibrillator arrhythmia detection in a model of cardiac arrest due to commotio cordis. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2003;14:83–7.